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Quantum Scale Sensors used to Measure Planetary Scale Magnetic Fields
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By European Space Agency
Zoom into Solar Orbiter's four new Sun images, assembled from high-resolution observations by the spacecraft's PHI and EUI instruments made on 22 March 2023. The PHI images are the highest-resolution full views of the Sun's visible surface to date, including maps of the Sun's messy magnetic field and movement on the surface. These can be compared to the new EUI image, which reveals the Sun's glowing outer atmosphere, or corona.
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By European Space Agency
Proba-3 is such an ambitious mission that it needs more than one single spacecraft to succeed. In order for Proba-3’s Coronagraph spacecraft observe the Sun’s faint surrounding atmosphere, the disk-bearing Occulter spacecraft must block out the fiery solar disk. This means Proba-3’s Occulter ends up facing the Sun continuously, making it a valuable platform for science in its own right.
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By NASA
NASA has selected the University of New Hampshire in Durham to build Solar Wind Plasma Sensors for the Lagrange 1 Series project, part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Space Weather Next Program.
This cost-plus-no-fee contract is valued at approximately $24.3 million and includes the development of two sensors that will study the Sun’s constant outflow of solar wind. The data collected will support the nation’s efforts to better understand space weather around Earth and to provide warnings about impacts such as radio and GPS interruptions from solar storms.
The overall period of performance for this contract will be from Thursday, Oct. 24, and continue for a total of approximately nine years, concluding 15 months after the launch of the second instrument. The work will take place at the university’s facility in Durham, New Hampshire, and at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland. Johns Hopkins is the significant subcontractor.
Under this contract, the University of New Hampshire will be required to design, analyze, develop, fabricate, integrate, test, verify, and evaluate the sensors, support their launch, supply and maintain the instrument ground support equipment, and support post-launch mission operations at the NOAA Satellite Operations Facility in Suitland, Maryland.
The Solar Wind Plasma Sensors will measure solar wind, a supersonic flow of hot plasma from the Sun, and provide data to NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center, which issues forecasts, warnings and alerts that help mitigate space weather impacts. The measurements will be used to characterize coronal mass ejections, corotating interaction regions, interplanetary shocks and high-speed flows associated with coronal holes. The measurements will also include observing the bulk ion velocity, ion temperature and density and derived dynamic pressure.
NASA and NOAA oversee the development, launch, testing, and operation of all the satellites in the L1 Series project. NOAA is the program owner that provides funds and manages the program, operations, and data products and dissemination to users. NASA and commercial partners develop, build, and launch the instruments and spacecraft on behalf of NOAA.
For information about NASA and agency programs, please visit:
https://www.nasa.gov
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Jeremy Eggers
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
757-824-2958
jeremy.l.eggers@nasa.gov
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Last Updated Oct 24, 2024 EditorRob GarnerContactJeremy EggersLocationGoddard Space Flight Center Related Terms
Heliophysics Goddard Space Flight Center Heliophysics Division NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) View the full article
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By European Space Agency
Video: 00:01:20 Approximately 41 000 years ago, Earth’s magnetic field briefly reversed during what is known as the Laschamp event. During this time, Earth’s magnetic field weakened significantly—dropping to a minimum of 5% of its current strength—which allowed more cosmic rays to reach Earth’s atmosphere.
Scientists at the Technical University of Denmark and the German Research Centre for Geosciences used data from ESA’s Swarm mission, along with other sources, to create a sounded visualisation of the Laschamp event. They mapped the movement of Earth’s magnetic field lines during the event and created a stereo sound version which is what you can hear in the video.
The soundscape was made using recordings of natural noises like wood creaking and rocks falling, blending them into familiar and strange, almost alien-like, sounds. The process of transforming the sounds with data is similar to composing music from a score.
Data from ESA’s Swarm constellation are being used to better understand how Earth’s magnetic field is generated. The satellites measure magnetic signals not only from the core, but also from the mantle, crust, oceans and up to the ionosphere and magnetosphere. These data are crucial for studying phenomena such as geomagnetic reversals and Earth’s internal dynamics.
The sound of Earth’s magnetic field, the first version of the magnetic field sonification produced with Swarm data, was originally played through a 32-speaker system set up in a public square in Copenhagen, with each speaker representing changes in the magnetic field at different places around the world over the past 100 000 years.
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